When the H + ions from an acid react with the OH - ions from an alkali, a neutralisation reaction occurs to form water. But other bases, including many metal oxides, do not dissolve in water. Some bases dissolve in water and are called alkalis.
NH 3 (aq) + H 2 O(l) → NH 4 + (aq) + OH - (aq) BasesĪ base is chemically opposite to an acid. This is the equation for ammonia in solution: įor example, take a look at the equation for sodium hydroxide:Īmmonia is slightly different. When alkalis dissolve in water they produce hydroxide ions, OH. For example, sulfur oxides make sulfuric acid. Note that (aq) means the substance is in solution.Īcids are often produced from non-metal oxides. These are sometimes called protons, because hydrogen ions are the same as a hydrogen nucleus (which is a proton).įor example, take a look at the equation for hydrochloric acid: When acids dissolve in water they produce hydrogen ions, H +. Ions can be either positively or negatively charged.
When atoms or groups of atoms lose or gain electrons, charged particles called ions are formed.
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